This page was reviewed under our medical and editorial policy by
Frederick L. Durden, Jr, MD, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeon & Microsurgical Reconstructive Surgeon.
This page was updated on October 20, 2022.
It’s important to be aware of changes to your skin over time, as abnormal moles sometimes require medical treatment. Look over your body regularly to see if you notice any differences—if so, make sure you know what to do next.
While it’s true that skin cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in the United States, the good news is that it can almost always be treated if found early. Overall, skin cancer leads to less than 1 percent of all cancer deaths, according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology. Not all abnormal moles are cancerous, so if you suspect you may have skin cancer, seek advice from a doctor or dermatologist.
Skin cancer is categorized as one of two types: melanoma or nonmelanoma. Squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma are both nonmelanoma types, while melanoma skin cancer is less common but faster growing.
It’s normal to develop freckles, moles and sunspots throughout your life, especially as you age. However, it’s a good idea to examine your moles regularly, looking for anything suspicious.
Any mole you consider unusual should be examined by your doctor. It also helps to keep in mind the ABCDE rule for melanoma, which may help you know what you should be looking for.
If a mole fits into one of the above categories, it may be a suspicious mole that needs medical attention. If a mole doesn’t fit into any of the ABCDE categories, but you’re worried about it, ask your doctor to examine it.
After discovering an abnormal mole, take action as soon as possible. First, make an appointment with your primary care doctor or dermatologist. He or she may examine the mole and ask a series of questions about your overall health and family history.
There are different risk factors for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.
Nonmelanoma risk factors include:
Melanoma risk factors also include a fair complexion and prolonged exposure to UV light, in addition to the following:
After the visit to your doctor, additional diagnostic tests may be needed to learn more about the mole and assess possible treatment options.
Your doctor may use one or several of the following diagnostic tools.
If a mole is removed, a local anesthetic or topical cream may be administered to make the procedure more comfortable. It’s typically a quick procedure.